Reference: Fataawa al-Hajj wal-‘Umrah waz-Ziyaarah – Page 25
Question: My son died when he was 16 years old and had not performed the Hajj. So, must I perform the Hajj on his behalf?
Response: If a boy or girl comes of age or reaches the age of 15 years, then it is obligatory upon him/(her) to perform the Hajj if he is able to do so. The performance of the Hajj before attaining puberty is not rewarded as that which is obligatory upon him (i.e. it does not remove the obligation of doing the obligatory Hajj). So, if he died after coming of age and having had the ability, then perform the Hajj on his behalf from his wealth or his guardian should perform the Hajj on his behalf.